In anatomy, a joint capsule or articular capsule is an envelope surrounding a synovial joint. Each joint capsule has two parts: an outer fibrous layer or membrane, and an inner synovial layer or membrane.Left clavicle. Inferior surface.Right hip bone. External surface.Right knee in extension. Deep dissection. Posterior view.Right knee in extension. Deep dissection. Posterior view. In anatomy, a joint capsule or articular capsule is an envelope surrounding a synovial joint. Each joint capsule has two parts: an outer fibrous layer or membrane, and an inner synovial layer or membrane.