Synthetic biology

Synthetic biology (SynBio) is an interdisciplinary branch of biology and engineering.'designing and constructing biological modules, biological systems, and biological machines or, re-design of existing biological systems for useful purposes'.The work on restriction nucleases not only permits us easily to construct recombinant DNA molecules and to analyze individual genes, but also has led us into the new era of synthetic biology where not only existing genes are described and analyzed but also new gene arrangements can be constructed and evaluated. Synthetic biology (SynBio) is an interdisciplinary branch of biology and engineering. The subject combines disciplines from within these domains, such as biotechnology, genetic engineering, molecular biology, molecular engineering, systems biology, membrane science, biophysics, chemical and biological engineering, electrical and computer engineering, control engineering and evolutionary biology. Synthetic biology applies these disciplines to build artificial biological systems for research, engineering and medical applications. Synthetic biology is seen differently by biologists and engineers. Originally seen as part of biology, in recent years the role of electrical and chemical engineering has become more important. For example, one description designates synthetic biology as 'an emerging discipline that uses engineering principles to design and assemble biological components'. Another portrayed it as 'a new emerging scientific field where ICT, biotechnology and nanotechnology meet and strengthen each other'. The definition of synthetic biology is also debated in the human sciences, arts and politics. One popular definition: The functional aspects of this definition are rooted in molecular biology and biotechnology. As usage of the term has expanded, synthetic biology was recently defined as the artificial design and engineering of biological systems and living organisms for purposes of improving applications for industry or biological research.