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Bedaquiline

Bedaquiline, sold under the brand name Sirturo, is a medication used to treat active tuberculosis. Specifically it is used to treat multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) along with other medications for tuberculosis. It is used by mouth. Common side effects include nausea, joint pains, headaches, and chest pain. Serious side effects include QT prolongation, liver dysfunction, and an increased risk of death. While harm during pregnancy has not been found, it has not been well studied in this population. It is in the diarylquinoline antimycobacterial class of medications. It works by blocking the ability of M. tuberculosis to make adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP). Bedaquiline was approved for medical use in the United States in 2012. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. The cost for six months is approximately US$900 in low income countries, US$3,000 in middle income countries, and US$30,000 in high income countries. Its use was formally approved (Dec 2012) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in tuberculosis (TB) treatment, as part of a Fast-Track accelerated approval, for use only in cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, and the more resistant extensively drug resistant tuberculosis. As of 2013 Both the World Health Organization (WHO) and US Centers for Disease Control (CDC) have recommended (provisionally) that bedaquiline be reserved for patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis when an otherwise recommended regimen cannot be designed. Bedaquiline has been studied in phase IIb studies for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis while phase III studies are currently underway. It has been shown to improve cure rates of smear-positive multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, though with some concern for increased rates of death (further detailed in the Adverse effects section). Small studies have also examined its use as salvage therapy for non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections. It is a component of the experimental BPaMZ combination treatment (bedaquiline + pretomanid + moxifloxacin + pyrazinamide).

[ "Mycobacterium tuberculosis", "Delamanid", "Diarylquinolines", "Pretomanid", "Bedaquiline fumarate" ]
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