Maurolicus is an oceanic ray-finned fish genus which belongs in the marine hatchetfish family Sternoptychidae. They are commonly known as pearlsides, but the brilliant pearlside is the related Argyripnus iridescens. Occasionally, 'bristle-mouth fishes' is used as a common name, but that usually refers to the genus Argyripnus or the family Gonostomatidae. There are currently 15 recognized species in this genus: Fossils of pearlsides are known from the Miocene.