1,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene

1,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze(E)) is a hydrofluoroolefin. It was developed as a 'fourth generation' refrigerant to replace fluids as R-134a and as a blowing agent for foam and aerosol applications. The use of R-134a is being phased out because of its high global-warming potential. HFO-1234ze(E) has zero ozone-depletion potential (ODP=0), a very low global-warming potential (GWP < 1 ), even lower than CO2, and it is classified by ANSI/ASHRAE as class A2L refrigerant (lower flammability and lower toxicity). 1,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze(E)) is a hydrofluoroolefin. It was developed as a 'fourth generation' refrigerant to replace fluids as R-134a and as a blowing agent for foam and aerosol applications. The use of R-134a is being phased out because of its high global-warming potential. HFO-1234ze(E) has zero ozone-depletion potential (ODP=0), a very low global-warming potential (GWP < 1 ), even lower than CO2, and it is classified by ANSI/ASHRAE as class A2L refrigerant (lower flammability and lower toxicity). The increasing concerns about global warming and the related possible undesirable climate effects have led to an increasing agreement in developed countries for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Given the relatively high global warming potential (GWP) of most of the hydro-fluoro-carbons (HFCs), several actions are ongoing in different countries to reduce the use of these fluids. For example, the European Union’s recent F-Gas regulation specifies the mandatory GWP values of the refrigerants to be used as working fluids in almost all air conditioners and refrigeration machines beginning in 2020.