Specific strength

The specific strength is a material's strength (force per unit area at failure) divided by its density. It is also known as the strength-to-weight ratio or strength/weight ratio or strength-to-mass ratio. In fiber or textile applications, tenacity is the usual measure of specific strength. The SI unit for specific strength is Pa m3/kg, or N·m/kg, which is dimensionally equivalent to m2/s2, though the latter form is rarely used.The data of this table is from best cases, and has been established for giving a rough figure.The International Space Elevator Consortium has proposed the 'Yuri' as a name for the SI units describing specific strength. Specific strength is of fundamental importance in the description of space elevator cable materials. One Yuri is conceived to be the SI unit for yield stress (or breaking stress) per unit of density of a material under tension. So, the units for one Yuri are Pa m3 / kg. This unit is equivalent to one N m / kg, which is the breaking/yielding force per linear density of the cable under tension. A functional Earth space elevator would require a tether of 30-80 MegaYuri (corresponding to 3100–8200 km of breaking length).The null energy condition places a fundamental limit on the specific strength of any material. The specific strength is bounded to be no greater than c2 ~ 9×1013kN·m/kg, where c is the speed of light. This limit is achieved by electric and magnetic field lines, QCD flux tubes, and the fundamental strings hypothesized by string theory.Tenacity is the customary measure of strength of a fiber or yarn. It is usually defined as the ultimate (breaking) force of the fiber (in gram-force units) divided by the denier.Because denier is a measure of the linear density, the tenacity works out to be not a measure of force per unit area, but rather a quasi-dimensionless measure analogous to specific strength. A tenacity of 1 {displaystyle 1}   corresponds to: 1 g ⋅ 9.80665 m s − 2 1 g / 9000 m = 9.80665 m s − 2 1 / 9000 m = 9.80665 m s − 2 9000 m = 88259.85 m 2 s − 2 {displaystyle {frac {1{ m {,g}}cdot 9.80665{ m {,ms^{-2}}}}{1{ m {,g}}/9000{ m {,m}}}}={frac {9.80665{ m {,ms^{-2}}}}{1/9000{ m {,m}}}}=9.80665{ m {,ms^{-2}}},9000{ m {,m}}=88259.85{ m {,m^{2}s^{-2}}}}