Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori cag A and sab A Genotypes in Patients with Gastric Disease

Gastric cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. Helicobacter pylori is considered one of the most important causes of this condition specially because of its virulence markers as sabA and cagA. Therefore, we aim to investigate the relation between these markers and the gastric diseases in 400 patients who underwent upper digestive endoscopy. To detect the bacteria and its genes by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), the presence of H. pylori was significant when comparing the groups control vs. cancer (p value < 0.0001) OR [95% CI] 12.73 (5.45 - 29.69) and the groups control vs. chronic gastritis (p value < 0.0001) OR [95% CI] 12.99 (7.44 - 22.66). cagA was statistically significant considering its presence when comparing the chronic gastritis vs. cancer groups (p value = 0.0434) OR [95% CI] 2.44 (1.021 - 5.845). Associating both sabA and cagA, we found a statistically significant result (p value < 0.0001) OR [95% CI] 13.68 (3.95 - 47.33) considering the gastritis vs. cancer groups. Helicobacter pylori is directly associated to gastric diseases such as gastritis and cancer and its virulence markers: sabA and cagA increase the injury process to the gastric epithelium making the host more susceptible to cancer.