Effects Of Organic Substrates Nature On The Composting Process Parameters AndCompost Extract Efficiency On Soil-Borne Plant Diseases

Four Composting windrows were carried out by the wastes (about 8 000 kg) in pyramidal form (height 1.5 m with base of 8m x 2 m) which constitute four different treatments: 1st treatment : 100% Cattle manure, 2nd treatment : 80% Cattle manure + 20% Sheep manure, 3rd treatment : 70% Cattle manure + 20% Sheep manure + 10% Poultry manure and 4th treatment : 50% Cattle manure + 20% Sheep manure + 20% Poultry manure+ 10% crushed wheat straw. Windrows were watered every time is necessary and turned over after 15 days. Temperature rased every two days and samples rased in every turned over. The physicochemical parameters of composting process revealed that the highest temperature of windrows was in thermophilic phase and has reached 66°C for T4 rich in carbon than for other treatments. The basic pH in the beginning decrease for all treatments and approachs the neutrality at the end of composting process, essentially for T1. A decrease of nitrogen percentage during composting probably due to a low level of C/N ratio in the beginning.The second part of this study starts in the maturity stage, a compost extract were prepared from different composts one volume of compost in 5 volume of water and 5 days of extraction period. The four obtained compost extracts, were experimented on different plants pathogens (Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium roseum, Fusarium graninearum and Phytophtora erythroseptica) in vivo and in vitro.