A Statistical Exploratory Analysis of Inventoried Slide-Type Movements for South Tyrol (Italy)

Landslides of the slide-type movement represent common damaging phenomena in the Italian province of South Tyrol. Up to January 2019, the landslide inventory of the province lists 1928 accurately mapped landslides that required intervention by e.g. the local road service or the provincial geological survey. Thus, this landslide data set mainly includes events that caused damage. The aim of this contribution was to investigate and critically interpret statistical associations between the inventoried slide-type movements and a variety of spatial environmental variables. The assessment of conditional frequencies and the discriminatory power of single variables revealed conditions that are typically present at landslide mapping locations, e.g. topography, land cover, rock types, and proximity to infrastructure. A critical interpretation of thestatistical results highlighted the need to consider the landslide data origin (i.e. background information) in order to avoid misleading statements and wrong inferences. The findings of the here presented work show that the availability of detailed landslide information does not always ensure that valid process-related conclusions can be drawn from subsequent statistical analyses (e.g. identification of important landslide controls). Despite considerable methodical advancements in the field of statistical data analysis and machine learning, we conclude that the principle ‘correlation does not necessarily imply (geomorphic) causation’ remains of particular relevance.