Therapeutic lifestyle change intervention improved metabolic syndrome criteria and is complementary to amlodipine/atorvastatin

Abstract Aims To examine whether addition of amlodipine (5 mg)/atorvastatin (10 mg) “A/A” to Therapeutic Lifestyle change intervention (TLC) would beneficially modulate Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Ox-LDL) levels. Methods Patients with MetS (n = 53) were randomized to TLC + placebo or TLC + A/A for 12 months. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure (BP), lipid profile, plasma Ox-LDL, and area under the curve of free fatty acid (AUCFFA) during oral glucose tolerance test, a marker of adipose tissue health, were assessed before and after the intervention. Results Twenty-six patients completed the study with an overall improvement of MetS (p = 0.02). TLC + placebo was beneficial in reversing MetS comparable to TLC + A/A (54% vs. 39%; p = 0.08). Both treatments decreased systolic BP (p ≤ 0.01). TLC + A/A also decreased diastolic BP and triglyceride levels. The changes in Ox-LDL levels directly correlated with changes in weight in the TLC-placebo group (r = 0.64; p = 0.04). AUCFFA determined the loss of fat mass (r = 0.472, p = 0.03). Conclusions 1) Addition of A/A has the advantage of improving the lipid profile and BP; but TLC alone was comparable to TLC + A/A in improving MetS; 2) weight change determines the TLC-associated change in Ox-LDL levels; and 3) AT metabolic health is a significant predictor of TLC-associated loss of body fat mass.