Regulatory effects of transforming growth factor beta in electro-acupuncture treatment of knee osteoarthris*★

AbstractBACKGROUND:Electro-acupuncture therapy shows good central and peripheral analgesic effects. Several studies have shown that transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanism underlying electro-acupun