Oxidative Stress Induced Following Exposure to 3,5-Dichloroaniline (3,5-DCA) In Vitro: Role in Nephrotoxicity

Anilines and their chlorinated derivatives are used in the production of a wide variety of agricultural products, drugs and dyes. Studies have shown that chlorinated aniline exposure leads to nephrotoxicity in both in vitro and in vivo models. Of the mono- and dichloroanilines studied, 3,5-dichloroaniline (3,5-DCA) proved to posses the most nephrotoxic potential. Exposure to 1.0 mM 3,5-DCA for 90 min significantly increased LDH release in isolated renal cortical cells (IRCC) from male Fischer 344 rats. Pretreatment of IRCC with antioxidants significantly attenuated LDH release, suggesting that free radical/oxidative stress mechanisms may play a role in 3,5-DCA induced nephrotoxicity. The purpose of the current study was to explore the potential role of oxidative stress in 3,5-DCA nephrotoxicity in vitro. IRCC (4 x 106 cells/ml; 3 ml) were exposed to 3,5-DCA (0, 0.5, or 1.0 mM) for either 60 or 90 min. Aliquots were then taken for LDH release assays, protein carbonyl detection using Oxyblot kits from Milli...