Selected Proceedings from the 2000 annual conference of the International Leadership Association, November 3-5, Toronto, Ontario Canada

After a consideration of individual depression, the paper seeks to establish the nature of collective depression, as either an emergent collective state or as a totality of individual depressions, noting the role of contagion in transmission. Collective depression can be treated symptomatically in short-term ways or at the level of causes through leadership. Case studies will refer to Gandhi, de Klerk, Mandela, Tutu, and Kohl, and in so doing, draw upon concepts from Leadership Studies.