Realization of source with internal loss-free resistive characteristic

Models of loss-free resistor (LFR) and loss-free source (LFS) sources with internal loss-free resistive characteristics are proposed. LFR has resistive I-V characteristics but not energy losses. A regulating transistor, which depletes energy in the dc regulated power supply, is replaced by LFR which realizes the LFS. Models of loss-free current source (LFCS), loss-free voltage source (LFVS) and grading conjunction loss-free source (GCLFS) are derived. Their principles and output characteristics are analyzed. The transformation of many kinds of curves can be realized by LFS. The effect of parameter choice on LFS output is analyzed. Experimental results are presented to verify the analyses.