Analysis of HIV antibody and HIV-1 RNA by nucleic acids test (NAT) in voluntary blood donors in Shenzhen.

[Objective] To estimate the residual risk of transfusion-transmitted HIV-1 infection in blood donations in Shenzhen. [Methods] The samples of blood donors were tested for HIV antibody by enzyme immunoassay(EIA) . The blood donation of EIA-negative reaction for HBV,HCV,HIV were tested HIV-1 RNA by MP-NAT using COBAS AmpliScreens HIV-1 test reagents. The blood donors with positive anti-HIV were further detected for HIV-1 DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PMBCs) by PCR methods. The partial genome of HIV-1 env from blood donors was sequenced and genotyped. [Results] The anti-HIV-1 positive were tested in 17 of 152 081 blood donations during 2002-2008 year. The positive rate was 0.011%. Of 113 639 serologically negative blood donations,one was positive for HIV-1 RNA,but negative for HIV antibody. The residual risk of transfusion-transmitted HIV-1 infection was 1 ︰113 639. Among 15 positive HIV DNA donors from PMBCs,the sequence analysis showed that 4 donors were HIV-1 subtypes B’,11 donors were HIV-1 subtype E. [Conclusion] There is high residual risk of transfusion-transmitted HIV infection in blood donations in Shenzhen. NAT screening can further enhance the blood safety and decrease the risk of HIV infection by transfusion.