Design of controllers for automatic frequency control of different interconnection structures composing of hybrid generator units using the chaotic optimization approach

Abstract This paper deals with the determination of the proportional–integral–derivative (PID) parameters of automatic generation control (AGC) based on the chaotic optimization approach (COA). Unlike the literature approaches that are based on the usage of the classic objective function, in this paper, novel objective functions for determination of the optimal PID parameters are proposed and tested. The proposed algorithm was tested on different interconnection structures of two thermal generator units, a thermal generator unit and a photovoltaic system, and a multi generator system consisting of three generator units: thermal, hydro, and gas. Further, to prove the superiority of the proposed algorithm over many algorithms used in the literature, the transient performance of the AGC system was investigated. Various transient parameters, such as the settling time of the observed variables, the value of the objective function, and the overshoot, were considered in the analysis. Different robustness analysis tests were performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller optimized through the COA against parametric variations, noise, and unstable mode of operation with negative damping. It was shown that the optimized PID controller outperformed other controllers proposed in the literature in terms of the analyzed criteria.