Tetrazole Derivatives as Promising Anticancer Agents
2017
Tetrazole cycle is a promising pharmacophore fragment frequently
used in the development of novel drugs. This moiety is a stable, practically
non-metabolized bioisosteric analog of carboxylic, cis-amide, and other
functional groups. Over recent 10–15 years, various isomeric forms of
tetrazole (NH-unsubstituted, 1H-1-substituted, and 2H-2-substituted
tetrazoles) have been successfully used in the design of promising
anticancer drugs. Coordination compounds of transition metals containing
tetrazoles as ligands, semisynthetic tetrazolyl derivatives of natural
compounds (biogenic acids, peptides, steroids, combretastatin, etc.), 5-oxo
and 5-thiotetrazoles, and some other related compounds have been recognized
as promising antineoplastic agents. This review presents a comprehensive
analysis of modern approaches to synthesis of these tetrazole derivatives as
well as their biological (anticancer) properties. The most promising
structure types of tetrazoles to be used as anticancer agents have been
picked out.
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