A water-soluble pyrazino[2,3-g]quinoxaline photosensitizer for high-efficient one- and two-photon excited bioimaging and photodynamic therapy

A water-soluble photosensitizer PQs-PEG5, based on a novel pyrazino[2,3-g]quinoxaline (PQ) prototype compound (PQs-5), was designed and synthesized. It has strong linear absorption within 400-600 nm and desirable two-photon absorption cross section (100-1290 GM) within 7401000 nm, and exhibits both high fluorescence quantum yield (~0.55) and singlet oxygen quantum yield (~0.47). By carrying out in vitro cell imaging and photodynamic therapy (PDT) experiments of PQs-PEG5 to HeLa and 4T1 cells, it was demonstrated that PQs-PEG5 can present outstanding bioimaging performances and PDT efficacies simultaneously. Under one-photon excited (1PE) of a 635 nm diode laser (60 mW cm-2, 5 min) or two-photon excited (2PE) of an 820 nm fs laser (100 mW, 80 MHz, 140 fs, 5 min), PQs-PEG5 (10 μM) could cause HeLa and 4T1 cells death effectively, which indicated its great potential as a novel Photosensitizer for both 1PE- and 2PE-PDT applications.