A More Realistic Formulation of Herd Behavior for Interacting Populations

In the ecological literature herd behavior has been considered via either a decreasing response function with the increasing number of the individuals forming the flock, thereby modeling better a group defense mechanism in a predator–prey situation, or via power functions that indicate, in the same context, that the most likely individuals to be attacked are those occupying the peripheral positions in the herd. Other interpretations are possible in different contexts.