Empatia, agressão e violência em adolescentes: um estudo de coorte transversal = Empathy, aggression and violence in adolescents: a cross-section cohort study

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar as associacoes entre empatia, agressao e violencia em adolescentes. Estudo de coorte transversal realizado com 722 adolescentes. A empatia foi analisada em conjunto com as variaveis regulacao parental, sentimento de solidao, agressao fisica na familia, envolvimento em brigas, lesoes, bulleying (vitima e agressor), no grupo total e estratificado por genero. Teste chi- quadrado e Regressao Logistica Binomial foram usados para analise de dados. Em geral, os adolescentes apresentam alta frequencia e dificuldade em empatia. A regulacao parental e o envolvimento em brigas indicam uma reducao na frequencia de empatia para as meninas. O aumento da dificuldade em empatia esta relacionado a agressao fisica familiar e a presenca de lesoes para os meninos, e para as meninas a relacao foi observada pela regulamentacao dos pais. O bullying esta relacionado ao aumento da dificuldade de empatia em ambos os sexos. A empatia foi associada a regulacao parental e bullying. As pesquisas e intervencoes podem considerar as associacoes apresentadas neste estudo, procurando os fatores contextuais que influenciam na relacao entre empatia, agressao e violencia. This study aims to analyze the associations between empathy, aggression and violence in adolescent. Cross-sectional cohort study carried out with 722 adolescents. The level of empathy was analyzed with parental regulation, feeling loneliness, physical aggression in the family, fight involvement, injury, being bullied and bully, in the total group and stratified by gender. Independent chi-square test and Binomial Logistic Regression were used. In general, adolescents show high frequency and high difficulty in empathy. Parental regulation and involvement in fights indicate a low frequency of empathy for girls. The increase in difficulty in empathy is related to family physical aggression and the presence of injuries for boys, and for girls the relationship was observed by parent’s regulation. Bullying is related to the increased difficulty of empathy in both genders. Empathy was associated with parental regulation and bullying. Research and interventions can consider the associations presented in this study, looking for contextual factors that influence the relationship between empathy, aggression and violence. Palavras-chave / Keyword: Saude do adolescente, Habilidades sociais, Bullying, Solidao. Adolescent health, Social skills, Bullying, Loneliness.