Efektywność kapitału intelektualnego a wyniki spółek społecznie odpowiedzialnych indeksu WIG-Energia

Purpose – The aim of the research is to identify the impact of efficiency of intellectual capital and its components on the performance of socially responsible companies included in the WIG-Energy index.Research method – Various methods of research were used in this paper, such as the method of desk research consisting of an analysis of data contained in the annual reports of socially responsible companies included in the WIG-Energy index, the VAIC™ method which has been used to measure the intellectual capital, as well as Pearson correlation coefficients and the linear regression analysis, which were the basis for the study of the impact of intellectual capital efficiency on selected measures describing the performance of analysed companies.Results – The conducted studies showed the impact of intellectual capital efficiency on the return on equity (ROE) and the current market valuation of the book value measured by the P/BV ratio (price/book value). However, they did not show a significant impact on return on assets (ROA). In addition, the studies have pointed at the diversified impact of intellectual capital components on the measures describing the performance of socially responsible companies included in the WIG-Energy index. The return on equity (ROE) is significantly influenced by the efficiency of structural and human capital. In turn, the current market valuation of the book value (P/BV) is significantly influenced by the efficiency of human capital.Originality /value / implications /recommendations – The article intends to fill the gap in the field of intellectual capital in the context of its impact on the performance of energy sector companies. This aspect is still underrepresented in research. However, this is currently a significant issue because, for such types of companies that base their activities on specialist knowledge and modern technologies, the intellectual capital becomes a key factor for success. This paper provides a starting point for further research. Therefore, the focus is solely on companies from the WIG-Energy index simultaneously belonging to the WIG-ESG index, which covers companies that meet the highest standards in the field of corporate social responsibility.