Economic evaluation of wastewater and water treatment technologies

Abstract Because of recent advances, separation processes based on membrane technology are being increasingly considered as good alternatives to conventional methods used for treatment of water and wastewater. Researchers are finding that membrane technology offers reduced environmental impact and high efficiency. Because of economic problems and high cost of membrane based separations which have caused to their application limitation and most of the costs belong to operating and capital costs which membranes associated. This chapter discusses membrane technology applications in wastewater and water treatment from an economic viewpoint. The consequences of extensive experimental models got to decide the expense of treatment utilizing of membranes which are used for ultrafiltration and microfiltration processes. The major variables affecting the expense were observed to be the cost of the membrane and its replacement, power, and membrane replacement recurrence. The significance of choosing the most reasonable membrane and optimal operational requirements are illustrated. A comparative study between conventional treatment methods and expenses of membrane frameworks has been made. Some economically important topics have been highlighted in membrane usage.