Compostos voláteis em mel com odor indesejável

2021 
English: Climatic conditions in the mid-northern region of Mato Grosso State in Brazil are favorable for beekeeping. However, since 2011, the honey production chain has suffered losses because the production of off-odor honey has made it impossible to market the honey. Reports from beekeepers indicated a relationship between the off-odor in the honey and the nectar of Borreria verticillata (L.) G. Mey (Rubiaceae). In this study, the botanical origins and volatile profiles of ten off-odor honeys (H1–H10) and flowers of B. verticillata were evaluated. Palynological and sensorial analyses of the honeys were performed; a scale from 1 to 4 was applied for the sensorial analysis, in which 1 indicates no off-odor and 4 indicates extreme off-odor. Analysis of volatile was performed by using headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy methods. The honeys investigated were classified with very high to intense off-odors, except H4 and H5, which did not differ from the control honey (no off-odor). Palynological analyses showed that honeys H1–H4, H7, and H9 were monofloral from B. verticillata, whereas in H5, H6, H8, and H10 this pollen were accessory. However, there was no quantitative correlation between the B. verticillata pollen content and the off-odor attributes of the honeys. Skatole was identified in all of the honeys except H4, H5, and the control honeys, suggesting that skatole contributed to the off-odor attributes of the products. However, further studies are required to investigate the origin of the skatole because it is not transferred directly from B. verticillata flowers to the honey portuguesAs condicoes climaticas da regiao Centro-Norte do Estado de Mato Grosso sao favoraveis a apicultura, contudo ocorrem prejuizos nesta cadeia produtiva desde 2011 devido a producao de mel com odor indesejavel, o que impossibilitou sua comercializacao. Relatos dos apicultores apontaram relacao da ocorrencia do odor indesejavel no mel com o nectar Borreria verticillata (L.) G. Mey (Rubiaceae). Neste estudo foi avaliado a origem botânica e o perfil de volateis de meis (M1 ate M10) com odor indesejavel e das flores de B. verticillata. Foi realizada a analise polinica do mel e tambem sensorial, empregando-se uma escala de um a quatro pontos, em que um refere-se a nenhum odor desagradavel e quatro, extremo odor desagradavel. A analise de compostos volateis no mel e nas flores de B. verticillata foi realizada utilizando microextracao em fase solida por headspace e cromatografia gasosa acoplada a detector por espectrometria de massas. Os meis investigados foram classificados desde muito a extremo odor desagradavel, exceto os meis M4 e M5, que nao diferiram do mel controle (sem odor indesejavel). Os meis M1 ate M4, M7 e M9 eram monoflorais de B. verticillata, enquanto M5, M6, M8 e M10 o polen B. verticillata era acessorio. Todavia, nao foi observada correlacao quantitativa entre o teor deste polen e o atributo odor indesejavel. O escatol foi identificado nos meis investigados, exceto em M4, M5 e mel controle. Estes resultados sugerem que o escatol contribuiu para o atributo odor desagradavel do produto. Contudo, mais estudos devem ser conduzidos para investigar a origem do odor indesejavel, porque o escatol nao foi transferido diretamente das flores para o mel
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