МОЛЕКУЛЯРНО-ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОЕ ТЕСТИРОВАНИЕ ПРЕДРАСПОЛОЖЕННОСТИ К ОСТЕОПОРОЗУ У ЖЕНЩИН В ПОСТМЕНОПАУЗЕ В МОСКВЕ

Polymorphisms of 21 genes involved in the processes of bone remodeling were studied on samples of 150 to 265 postmenopausal healthy women in a control group and those of 175 to 269 patients with osteoporosis (OP). In a Moscow sample of postmenopausal women, the genotypes of OP susceptibility were found to be the CT genotype of the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) gene, the GG genotype of the leptin (LEP) gene, the XX genotype of the estrogen receptor a (ER-a) gene, the Ff genotype of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene, the HH genotype of the a1 polypeptide chain of type II collagen gene and the GG genotype of the aromatase (CYP19) gene. The interaction of a number of genes to develop OP susceptibility was ascertained to be compliant. For example, the carriage of the CTxx genotypes of the LRP5/ERa genes, the CTGG genotypes of the LRP5/CBFA genes, the CCGA genotypes of the TGF/31/CYP19 genes, and the CCAA genotypes of the TGF/31/OPG genes increases a risk for OP by 7.7, 4.1, 6.2, and 2.7 times, respectively. The genotypes increasing the risk of spinal osteoporotic fractures were AG of 163A/G polymorphism in the osteoprotegerin (OPG) gene, TT of 509C^T polymorphism in the TGF/31 gene, and BB of BsmI polymorphism in the VDR gene (OR = 4.9, 3.9, and 4.4, respectively). The genotype of a risk for osteoporotic fractures at other sites was AG of A19G polymorphism in the LEP gene (OR = 2.6).