Efficient microwave-assisted production of furfural from C5 sugars in aqueous media catalysed by Brönsted acidic ionic liquids

Small amounts of SO3H-functionalised room temperature synthesized ionic liquids efficiently dehydrate aqueous xylose to furfural under microwave heating at mild reaction conditions. The RT-ionic liquid catalysts were also found to be effective catalysts for the two step one-pot simultaneous hydrolysis and dehydration of a lignocellulosic waste biorefinery-derived syrup enriched in C5 sugar oligomers.