Prospectiva del sistema organizacional del sector forestal en Chihuahua, México

espanolEl sistema de organizacion forestal de Chihuahua, Mexico fue estudiado prospectivamente para establecer una estrategia integral que impulse el desarrollo del mismo. La metodologia comprendio tres etapas: diagnostico situacional; analisis estructural prospectivo y planteamiento de la estrategia integral. Para el diagnostico, los actores se agruparon en seis subsistemas; se procedio a la realizacion de un censo total, entrevistando a cada uno de ellos, y se obtuvo la caracterizacion de las variables estrategicas clave de funcionamiento del sistema de organizacion, identificando fortalezas, oportunidades, debilidades y amenazas y el futuro deseable del sistema. En el analisis estructural prospectivo, se determino el nivel de influencia directa y dependencia entre las variables, mediante la aplicacion del software Matriz de Impactos Cruzados - Multiplicacion Aplicada a una Matriz (MicMac). Ademas, se genero la estrategia integral basada en los resultados del analisis estructural, considerando las variables estrategicas y la vision al 2022. Como resultado, el diagnostico identifico escasa coordinacion y vinculacion entre actores del sistema, e insuficiente liderazgo. El analisis estructural identifico las variables con mayor motricidad y dependencia para impulsar el desarrollo del sistema: estructura organizacional, mecanismos de coordinacion interinstitucional e integracion vertical y horizontal. Finalmente, se establece la estrategia integral que contiene las variables estrategicas mas motrices y mas dependientes, el futuro deseable y las estrategias para lograr dicho futuro. Se concluye que el sistema de organizacion forestal tiene escasa coordinacion y vinculacion entre actores y limitada cultura de asociatividad, lo que hizo necesario establecer la estrategia integral para mayor respuesta a demandas de competitividad nacional e internacional. EnglishThe forestry organization system in Chihuahua, Mexico was studied for establishing an integral strategy to promote its development. The methodology included three stages: situational diagnosis of the system; prospective structural analysis, and the approach of the integration strategy. For the diagnosis, the actors were grouped into six subsystems: a complete census was carried out, interviewing each one of the actors, and the characterization of the key strategic variables of the organization system was obtained, identifying strengths, opportunities, weaknesses and threats, and the desirable future of the system. In the prospective structural analysis, the level of direct influence and dependence among the variables was determined by applying the Matrix of Cross Impacts - Multiplication Applied to Matrix (MicMac) software. In addition, the integration strategy was generated based on the results of the structural analysis considering the strategic variables and the vision to 2022. As a result, the diagnosis identified little coordination and linkage among system actors, and insufficient leadership. The structural analysis identified the variables with greater motricity and dependence to improve the development of the system: organizational structure, interinstitutional coordination mechanisms and vertical and horizontal integration. Finally, an integral strategy was established that contains the most strategic and most dependent strategic variables, the desirable future and the strategies to achieve that future. It is concluded that the forest organization system has little coordination and linkage among actors and limited association culture, for that, it was necessary to establish the integration strategy in order to get a better response to the demands of national and international competitiveness.