ПУШТУНСКИЙ ЭТНОС В ГОСУДАРСТВЕ ПАКИСТАН Паничкин Ю.Н., Мусаев Ф.А.

The topicality of this article consists of the problems of the ethnos and territory which in the modern time are in fact the base of terrorist organizations as «Taliban» and «Al-Caida», whose activity is the danger for all the World Community. Pakhtoon ethnos occupies the second place in Pakistan after Punjab ethnos. The main part of pakhtoonslives in the province named PakhtoonHva – former the North West Frontier Province (NWFP). In thethe end of XVIII century at the pakhtoon territories was formed the fi rst Afghan state – the Durrany Empire. By the 90-th years of XIX century the territories of east pakhtoons were occupied by the British Empire and entered the British India. In 1893 was created the frontier between the British India and Afghanistan – «the Durand Line». After the First World War in the British India had been created the National Movement for decolonization. In the NWFP at this time was created the organization «Gods servants» (in Pakhtu – «KhudaiKhidmatgaran»). The British Powers called them «Red Shirts». During the decolonization of India this organization had began the struggle for «Free Pakhtunistan». The ruling circles of Afghanistan who wanted to have the way to the Arab Sea supported this struggle but the territories of east pakhtoons were entered the Pakistan. After this the leader of pakhtoon nationalists Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan had began the struggle for unifi cation of all pakhtoon territories in Pakistan into united province. But it was already not separatist struggle.This article may be used for oriental preparation of the students of Universities.