A Review of IoT Service Provision to Assess the Potential for System Interoperability in an Uncertain Ecosystem

A sprawling and uncoordinated Internet of Things (IoT) environment has evolved in an uncontrolled manner where applications and infrastructure are made available as and when desired by operators, and, in many instances, without concern for others co-existing here. There is evidence already of IoT Service Providers changing their operational priorities and, as a result, the IoT may have an uncertain long-term future. This paper is driven by an assumption that an IoT environment with longevity will not be achieved using today's siloed systems; it is believed that these will not naturally mesh together without strategies in place to facilitate this. We therefore examine the reasons why and extent to which IoT technologies are generally not interoperable through the distinct ways that services are made available.