Main beam angle control microstrip antenna based on phase gradient metasurface

A novel main beam angle control microstrip antenna is designed and fabricated by loading a monolayer transmissive phase gradient metasurface (PGM). The anomalous refraction effects of the PGM are able to introduce predefined wave vector to control the radiation direction. The resonant frequencies of the four different PGM loaded antennas are kept at 9 GHz when the height of the cavity is fixed. However, different radiation deflection angles 0°, 9.5°, 18.7°, 27.2° are achieved and respond correspondingly to the implemented phase difference 0°, 10°, 20°, 30°. The thickness of the antenna is reduced to merely 0.1∗wavelength. The measured results conform with the theoretical calculation and the simulated results, which indicates this design method is convincing and viable.