Dealing with Stress

In Chap. 8, we first describe general coping strategies (problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping) that people use to cope with stress. We then present and discuss measures for stress avoidance, stress reduction, and the treatment of stress consequences, which can focus on the individual and his or her behavior or the organization and organizational conditions. Effective stress interventions are directed towards the individual and contain cognitive-behavioral elements, but combined organizational- and individual-level interventions can also have positive health-related effects. The effectiveness of organizational-level interventions depends on the quality of their implementation. Computer-based interventions have been shown to be effective but should be treated as an addition to rather than a substitute for traditional intervention methods.