Model-data comparison of the parabolic equation approximation for long-range propagation, time spreading, and channel bandwidth estimation

Underwater communications and sonar measurements in the Arctic are challenging due to the remoteness and the vast area to be covered. Acoustic modeling is critical to support measurements since it can help inform experimental plans and extend the usefulness of results to other areas. Low-frequency systems are generally required to deal with the vast ranges being covered and to mitigate the high-frequency signal loss caused by under-ice roughness. The Parabolic Equation Approximation (PE) is well suited to the low-frequency band but properly accounting for the rough, elastic, ice layer is challenging. A recent project has integrated a rough, elastic, ice layer into a long-range, time-domain PE model to provide complementary modeling support for a newly developed low-frequency Arctic sonar system. This presentation will review propagation measurements and the supporting PE modelling from a deep water experiment off the Scotian Shelf at frequencies from 16 to 250 Hz and ranges up to 700 km, prior to deployment in the Arctic.Underwater communications and sonar measurements in the Arctic are challenging due to the remoteness and the vast area to be covered. Acoustic modeling is critical to support measurements since it can help inform experimental plans and extend the usefulness of results to other areas. Low-frequency systems are generally required to deal with the vast ranges being covered and to mitigate the high-frequency signal loss caused by under-ice roughness. The Parabolic Equation Approximation (PE) is well suited to the low-frequency band but properly accounting for the rough, elastic, ice layer is challenging. A recent project has integrated a rough, elastic, ice layer into a long-range, time-domain PE model to provide complementary modeling support for a newly developed low-frequency Arctic sonar system. This presentation will review propagation measurements and the supporting PE modelling from a deep water experiment off the Scotian Shelf at frequencies from 16 to 250 Hz and ranges up to 700 km, prior to deployme...