Antifungal Activity of Extracts by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction from Roots of Stellera chamaejasme L. and Analysis of Their Constituents Using GC-MS

In this work the supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide was applied to obtain the extracts from roots of Stellera chamaejasme L. The extracts were evaluated through the antifungal activity against Monilinia fructicola. Furthermore, the active compounds from the extracts were separated by macro porous resin and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showing that the extracts, obtained using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction technique, had strong antifungal activity against M. fructicola with inhibition ratio of 88.71% at 2000 μg/mL, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 250 μg/mL, and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 2000 μg/mL. After separation with macro porous resin chromatography, fourteen fractions were collected from the SC-CO2 extracts. At concentration of 2000 μg/mL, fraction 4, 7, and 12 presented highly antifungal activity against M. fructicola, with inhibition ratio of 83.97 %, 80.23 %, and 75.69 %, respectively. Followed by the GC-MS analysis, the main active compounds from fraction 4, 7, and 12 included hexanedioic acid, bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester, πsitosterol, 7-methyl-Z-tetradecen-1-ol acetate9, 9-hexadecenoic acid-hexadecyl ester (Z), 1, 2-benzenedicarboxylic acid-diisooctyl ester, (3π24Z) stigmasta-5, 24(28)-dien-3-ol, stigmastan-3, 5-diene, and squalene.