How Delay Can Affect the Survival of Species in Polluted Environment

In this article, a four-state delayed differential model of biomass–species interaction in a polluted environment has been proposed. It is well-established phenomenon that the effects of any external changes in the environment have some kind of effect on species dynamics and they are in fact not instantaneous. In particular, when a species live in the polluted environment, its growth is hampered but it is an instantaneous process. It takes time to go inside species then it affects the growth as a whole. The situation can be more severe if their food resources are also subjects to toxicity present in the environment. Therefore, it is very much necessary to model the effects of a toxicant on this species–biomass interaction. Well-established stability and bifurcation have been used to study and predict the long-term dynamics of these interactions. The result is worth to note that a survival of species is in fact guaranteed if this model is assumed to govern the dynamics. However, the model needs to be modified to take into account of other parameters and interaction to fully justify the underlying phenomena.