Neurological Mechanisms Underlying Repetitive and Restricted Behaviors in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Repetitive and restricted behaviors and interests (RRBI’s) described in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and defined in the DSM-5 criteria are diverse. They encompass repetitive behaviors, such as stereotyped motor movements, repetitive manipulation of objects, repetitive and stereotyped language, repetitive sensory behaviors and insistence on sameness. Many theories regarding the neurological mechanisms underlying RRBI’s in ASD have been suggested, ranging from psychological, structural and anatomical abnormalities to molecular and genetic impairments. In this chapter we elaborate on some of the leading theories concerning the neurological basis of RRBI’s in ASD.