The effects of rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes after the induction of mitochondrial dysfunction

Abstract Rooibos ( Aspalathus linearis ) is a South African fynbos plant, well-known for its strong anti-oxidant capacity and use in cosmetic products. The anti-ageing properties of fermented and green (unfermented) rooibos were investigated using a cell culture model designed to evaluate the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in the age-related decline in preadipocyte function. Mitochondrial dysfunction was induced through long-term exposure of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes to ethidium bromide (EtBr). Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depleted (ρ 0 ) 3T3-L1 preadipocytes showed a significantly reduced rate of proliferation, delayed cell cycle progression (G0/G1 phase arrest), decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ m ), and increased glucose utilization and lactate production. Treatment with rooibos stimulated cell growth, attenuated G0/G1 phase arrest, improved ΔΨ m , and increased glucose utilization and lactate production. Cellular ATP was significantly improved and AMPK activation was observed. The results obtained indicate that rooibos, particularly green rooibos, exhibit effects which preserve the functional capacity of preadipocytes exposed to ageing related insults.