Study of the impact of military factors and security threats on construction projects in Baghdad

Since 2003, the territory of Iraq there were many military conflicts and conducted a large number of terrorist operations, especially in the capital Baghdad.As a result, construction work in Baghdad began to increase after 2003, which led to an increase in construction risks. The most dangerous risks were military conflicts that occurred near the construction site and affected the workforce, equipment and the construction site itself. The purpose of the study is to identify the most important factors causing risks during construction in Baghdad due to military operations and terrorist threats, to assess the degree of impact of these factors on the duration, cost and quality of construction work, as well as on the safety of workers and the economic situation of construction enterprises. The object of the study is the Al-Radwaniyah residential complex under construction in Baghdad, which is located near the US military base. In the course of the study, the most important military factors causing risks were identified, and then a questionnaire survey was conducted to determine the degree of impact of these factors among employees of enterprises involved in the construction of the specified residential complex (contractors, engineers, consultants, etc.). After processing the results of the questionnaire, the risk factors were analysed using a statistical method. This made it possible to establish the degree of impact of each factor. The study showed the degree of influence of military factors that cause risks, in particular, on the safety and life of workers, the impact on the psychological and social state of the working staff in general. It was also found that sudden military clashes and terrorist operations in the study region have a negative impact on the economic and financial situation of the construction project, lead to a delay in the project and increase its cost. Therefore, it is necessary to look for solutions to avoid or reduce these factors in areas where there is a possibility of their sudden occurrence.