Parametric analysis and optimization of a combined latent-sensible packed bed energy storage system

A one-dimensional time dependent two-phase model has been developed in this work to describe the thermal behavior of a combined latent and sensible packed bed thermal energy storage system, using steel slag as sensible material, encapsulated AlSi metal alloy as phase change material and air as heat transfer fluid. The model has been successfully validated based on literature-reported data. The simulations prove the enhanced performance of combined sensible-latent storage compared to only sensible system. Furthermore, the results obtained allow optimizing the design of packed bed combined latent-sensible storage units. Finally, the potentials and limitations of the proposed system have been highlighted and provide a reference background for further development.