Simultaneous estimation of exciter, governor and synchronous generator parameters using phasor measurements

The accuracy of the models used to predict the dynamic behavior of an electric power system is vital to ensure the stability and reliability of electricity supply. Parameter estimation of these models is essential for power system planners and operators to maintain a consistent and secure operating environment. In this work, the whole set of parameters of the synchronous generator coupled to the exciter and governor are estimated using an Unscented Kalman Filter, with input data from phasor measurements obtained by Phasor Measurement Units (PMU). Unlike other estimation methods previously used, excitation voltage and mechanical torque are estimated as states and only the measurements of the electrical power output, current phasor and voltage phasor at the generator terminals are required. A fast estimation algorithm is obtained that allows the estimation of all machine as well as velocity and voltage regulator parameters. Estimation is possible under different levels of measurement noise and initial operating conditions.