Pancreatic lipase-inhibiting triterpenoid saponins from Gypsophila oldhamiana

Three new triterpenoid saponins, gypsosaponins A—C (1—3), were isolated from the roots of Gypsophila oldhamiana (Caryophyllaceae). Their structures were established as 3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl quillaic acid 28-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-fucopyranoside (1), 3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-methyl-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl gypsogenin 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)]-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-fucopyranoside (2), and 23-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl gypsogenic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), on the basis of various spectroscopic analyses and chemical degradations. The biological activities of 1—3 were examined inhibitory activity against pancreatic lipase, which showed inhibition of 58.2%, 99.2% and 50.3% at concentration of 1 mg/ml, respectively.