Climate change on crop production

Climate change has a serious impact on the availability of various resources on the earth especially water, which sustains life on this planet and directly impact food production across the globe. Increase in the mean seasonal temperature can reduce the duration of many crops and reduce the yield throughout the 21st century. The average temperature change is predicted to be 2.33°C to 4.78°C with a doubling in CO2 concentrations. The heat waves will lead to increased variability in summer monsoon precipitation, which will result in drastic effects on the agriculture sector in India. Food production systems are extremely sensitive to climate changes like changes in temperature and precipitation, which may lead to outbreaks of pests and diseases thereby reducing harvest ultimately affecting the food security of the country. Bio-technology has to develop crop varieties are specialized to coping with the effect of climate change. Improved management of inputs and shifts in farm practices significant worth emphasising for the sustainable development. The genetic diversity in crops provides a platform to identify suitable thermal and drought tolerant cultivars for sustained productivity, identification of suitable agronomic management practices, an overall assessment of soil health and the possible alterations in soil physical, chemical and biological characters need to be looked for climate change