Speech formant changes due to repeated measurements, instruction, and simulated environments using both automated and manual feature extraction

Speech production can differ depending on how speech is elicited (e.g., spontaneous speech, read text, speaking style instructions, the speaking environment). Previous studies have shown different speaking styles being elicited via instruction (e.g., clear speech) or via the speaking environment (e.g., Lombard speech). There is evidence that the acoustic features of clear speech elicited by reading are similar to those observed in semi-spontaneous interaction between two interlocutors, but that clear speech changes are of a greater magnitude in the read speech than the semi-spontaneous speech. Ten talkers (five male, five female) performed read sentences (BVD) and picture descriptions in several conditions. The present study compares vowel formants from BVD sentences and spontaneously produced picture descriptions in a variety of conditions. Conditions were as follows: (1) repeated measures given the same instructions, (2) the effects of two speaking style instructions (conversational and clear), and (3) ...