Формування соснового насадження після двопри¬йомної рівномірно-поступової рубки у лісах Київського Полісся

Since the 1950s there has been a question about the introduction of gradual felling and the formation of future stands from the existing young growth in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands in Ukraines Polissya. We should note that this type of felling has not been practically applied so far. The research was performed at the trial plot, which was established in 2006 in the 84-year-old pine forest of the Teterivsky Forestry State Enterprise. After the first stage of evenly- gradual felling, the completeness of the stand was 0.3-0.4. According to the accounting conducted, the number of seedlings was 192,000 pcs per ha-1 of which Scots pine was 90%. In 2011, this area was divided into 4 sections (equal in area) and 2 methods of even-gradual felling were carried out: for section N 1, 100% of trees were cut down; in the section N2, 50% of trees were cut down (completeness - 0.2-0.3); on the section N3, 75% of trees were cut down (completeness – 0.1); on section N 4, all trees remained (completeness – 0.3-04). The study of the process of natural regeneration and the state of living above-ground cover is carried out according to D. V. Vorobyovs method. Young plantations were found to consist of Scots pine (57-76%), silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) (7-10%), English oak (Quercus robur L.) (10-16%), and European aspen (Populus tremula L.) (3-32%). Furthermore, we have found that the largest share of viable young growth is observed in the sections without preservation and with preservation of 25% of trees (71-72%). The value of the projective cover of the grass-shrub layer in the sections of the experiment ranges from 60 to 90%, and the species composition is defined to be quite close one. The most common are revealed to be as follows: heather (Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull) 7-31% (most in the section without preserving the mother canopy), wood small-reed (Calamagrostis epigejos (L.) Roth) 7-78% (most in the section with 25 % of preservation), and lily of the valley (Convallaria majalis L.) 5-45% (most in the section with 100% of preservation). The success of natural regeneration of Scots pine in the sections of the experiment is defined to be quite satisfactory one, and the number of young growth of this species is 3307-5640 pcs per ha-1. It is evenly distributed over the area (incidence ranges from 75 to 100%) and is 12 years old. To conclude, conducting two-stage evenly-gradual felling in the pine forests of fresh mixed coniferous forests allows forming even-aged stands of natural origin.