Temperature-dependent crossover of dimensionality in ultrathin nickel films

2008 
We report experimental results for nickel films which examine finite-size nanoscaling of the magnetic-order exponent β with temperature as a function of thickness. The data confirm the trends predicted by Monte Carlo calculations of an Ising spin lattice for thicknesses L much less than in-plane dimensions. A crossover in dimensionality D is seen in the magnetization M(T) at a rescaled reduced temperature txo, which delineates a change in the order parameter from three dimensional to two dimensional. This crossover temperature is a feature of ultrathin films over a wide range of thicknesses L.
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