Monitoring of Ground Behavior During the Excavation of an Underground Ramp

In large cities, underground spaces are gradually limited and interaction between new excavation and existing underground structure becomes a very important problem. The excavation of several underground ramps was launched in Tokyo to link the aboveground traffic flow with underground tunnels. The ramps approach underground twin tunnels and then connect to them. Detailed monitoring instruments were set on the ground surface and nearby tunnels to monitor ground and nearby structures during excavation.