Power flow initialisation of dynamic studies with induction motor loads

The initialisation of most power system stability studies is carried out with the outcome of a power flow solution using a constant power representation of the load that may contain voltage dependency. However, such an approach may not be suitable when an important component of the system load is made up of induction motors because of a natural mismatch between the power flow scheduled power and the actual induction motor power, which is computed using the final converged value of the motor terminal bus voltage. To solve this problem, a method for incorporating the non-linear model of induction motors in Newton–Raphson power flow algorithm is put forward in this study. The prowess of the improved power flow algorithm is demonstrated using the Ward–Hale, the IEEE 30-bus and the New-England test systems in connection with industrial motor subsystems. The results show that the extended power flow algorithm provides the correct steady-state initialisation and still preserves the basic Newton–Raphson's quadratic convergence characteristics.