Transition, Concentration and Labor Productivity within the Electricity Industry in Romania☆

Abstract The electricity industry from Romania, similarly to all the EU27 countries, is in a continuous process of transformation along three axes: liberalization, disintegration (unbundling) and privatization. The objective of this article is to study the effects generated by the reform into the electricity industry from Romania upon the market concentration and labor productivity into the sector. The main conclusions of this paper are the following: (1) reform reduced the degree of concentration in all segments of the value chain, followed by a consolidation process, emphasized after 2011; (2) labor productivity increased and the number of employees decreased due to electricity industry restructuring.