Synthesis, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of some (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3 system compositions

Abstract Some (Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 )TiO 3 (NBT) system compositions, including NBT, (Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 ) 0.94 Ba 0.06 TiO 3 (NBBT) and 0.4 wt.% CoO added NBBT (NBBTC), were prepared by a citrate method. The ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of the resulting ceramics were investigated. The results confirm that the citrate method is a feasible and advantageous route to produce NBT system ceramics. NBBT ceramic made by the citrate method exhibits a high piezoelectric constant ( d 33 ) of 180 pC/N. An essential relation between the piezoelectric properties and the ferroelectric nature of the ceramics was detected. It was found that lowering the coercive field ( E c ) and enhancing the remanent polarization ( P r ) of NBT system ceramics simultaneously lead to desired piezoelectric properties.