A rapid, multisample technique for detection of trace elements in trees by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy

A new method is presented for studying the distribution of trace elements in trees. A tree core is removed, sectioned into very thin slices (≤400 μm), and analyzed directly using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. The technique offers a number of advantages, including minimal sample preparation time, elimination of contamination or leaching, and rapid simplified data analysis. Analysis of 10 or more samples per annual ring is possible. Application of the technique in two studies (first, using trees as indicators of airborne pollutants and second, analyzing pesticide residues in trees) is described. In the first study there were significant correlations between seasonal airborne pollution levels and the levels of lead and zinc detected in the phloem tissue of red alder, Alnusrubra Bong. In the other study, the technique was used to analyze arsenic content in lodgepole pines, Pinuscontorta var. latifolia Englemann, treated with monosodium methanearsonate. Vertical arsenic profiles in treated trees indicated a...