Load Frequency in Microgrid Using an Optimal Control Application

The automatic generation control (AGC) has a role in the power system network to preserve stable system frequency and tie-line interchange by regulating the generator units in frequency instability and tie-line deviation. This paper presents a new model based on the modified model of optimal control of multi-area network frequency. The developed model is derived from a modified model of an optimal control heuristically. The proposed model demonstrates robustness and stability against the external and internal disturbances caused by different parameter uncertainties in the network. The modified model predictive control (MPC) is developed to coordinate the different operating modes of the battery energy storage system during the charging and discharging process to achieve optimal performance. The storage input and output are unknown constants. The implementation of the control is applied to three main areas, with the introduction of the storage system. The presented model is compared with other methods such as proportional integrated derivative (PID) or proportional integrated (PI). Finally, the robustness of this modified online MPC is evaluated through simulation results, characterized by the input, and output of the constant storage system.