Phase‐Locked Oscillators and Frequency Synthesizers
2005
Synthesizers are used to generate frequencies with arbitrary resolution covering the frequency range from audio to millimeter-wave. Today, simple frequency synthesizers consist of a variety of synthesizer chips, an external voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), and a frequency standard. There are also combinations of techniques that I would like to refer to as “hybrid synthesizers.” They will be covered here.
Keywords:
hybrid synthesizer;
phase-locked loop;
voltage-controlled oscillator;
frequency synthesizer;
fractional-N principle
Keywords:
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